Oymyakon, Indigirka River, Sakha Republic, Russia

With an extreme subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dwd), Oymyakon is known as one of the candidates for the Northern Pole of Cold, the other being the town of Verkhoyansk. The ground there is permanently frozen (continuous permafrost).
On February 6 1933, a temperature of −67.7 °C (−90 °F) was recorded at Oymyakon's weather station. This is, along with the same reading at Verkhoyansk, the lowest recorded temperature for any permanently inhabited location on Earth. It is also the lowest temperature recorded in the Northern Hemisphere. But according to some data the temperature of −71.2 °C (−96 °F) is the lowest temperature in the Northern Hemisphere instead of −67.7 °C (−90 °F). Only Antarctica has recorded lower official temperatures (the lowest being −89.2 °C (−129 °F) near the Russian station of Vostok).
The actual weather station is in a valley between Oymyakon and Tomtor. The station is at 750 meters (2,460 ft) and the surrounding mountains at 1,100 meters (3,600 ft), causing cold air to pool in the valley: in fact, recent studies show that winter temperatures in the area increase with altitude by as much as 10°C (18°F).
Sometimes the temperature drops below 0 °C (32 °F) in late September and may remain negative until mid-May. In Oymyakon it sometimes happens that the average minimum temperature for January, February and December remains below −50 °C (−58 °F). Sometimes summer months can also be quite cold, but June and July are the only months where temperature has never been dropped below −10 °C (14 °F). Oymyakon and Verkhoyansk are the only two permanently inhabited places in the world that had been recorded temperatures below −60 °C (−76 °F) every day of January.