History: American Old West, United States

• Johnson County War
The 1892 Johnson County range war took place in Wyoming's Powder River country. The large ranches were organized as the Wyoming Stock Growers Association and hired killers from Texas; an expedition of fifty men was organized, which proceeded by train from Cheyenne to Casper, then toward Johnson County, intending to eliminate alleged rustlers and also, apparently, to replace the government in Johnson County. After initial hostilities, the sheriff of Johnson County raised a posse of 200 men and set out for the ruffians' location. The posse led by the sheriff besieged the invading force at the TA Ranch on Crazy Woman Creek. After two days, one of the invaders escaped and was able to contact the acting governor of Wyoming. Frantic efforts to save the besieged invaders ensued, and telegraphs to Washington resulted in intervention by President Benjamin Harrison. The Sixth Cavalry from Fort McKinney was ordered to proceed to the TA ranch and take custody of the invaders and save them from the posse. In the end, the invaders went free after the court venue was changed and the charges were dropped.
• Border War
In 1910 the last conflict of the Old West began when Mexican Carrancistas rebelled against their government. Fighting spread all across Mexico and along the Mexican-American border, several battles were fought between American soldiers and citizens against Mexicans. On many different occasions Mexican bandits crossed the border and raided American settlements. Also, thousands of Americans joined the rebellion in Mexico and fought at all of the major engagements in the north including the Battle of Ciudad Juarez in 1911 and the Siege of Naco in 1914. In 1916 an army of American cavalry invaded Mexico as part of the Punitive Expedition, an attempt to capture the famous border bandit and rebel Pancho Villa. By the end of the revolution the Old West era was coming to an end with the rise of modern society in the region.